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The Wealth of the Knights TemplarThey were Relic Hunters and Formed Their own Banking System
The owners of the most important relics of Christianity and leading financiers. The Knights Templar were the most powerful Order of the medieval era.
At the time of the Crusades, Jerusalem was the most important city of the medieval world. It was the naval centre of the world, a place of religious tolerance where Christian pilgrims enjoyed safe passage. By the eleventh century all this changed and the Crusader wars began. Knights TemplarOut of the Crusades rose the Knights Templar, formed in 1118 CE. A warrior monk, strong in faith, their job was to protect the pilgrims in Jerusalem. Christian warrior soldiers whose military prowess rivalled the Romans and answerable only to the Pope. They were famed for their valour and were savage defenders of the faith. News of their victories spread throughout the Christian world and they became heroes. Their numbers increased rapidly as their reputation became legendary and the knights encouraged myths and rumours about themselves.The Abbot of Clairvaux, (the future St Bernard) said of them: "they are strong warriors, monk-like with no dread of death, confident in the sight of the Lord." Relic HuntersAlmost two centuries later in 1307 CE, this celebrated Christian movement who fought under the cross, were arrested by Philip IV of France, for heresy. The Christian world were in uproar. The kings of Germany, Spain and Portugal all didn't believe the accusations. What was the reason for the arrest? The Order was incredibly secretive and keen to hide their wealth. On the surface they were an order formed to protect pilgrims in the Holy Land. Yet they became an order with many fortresses and castles- a powerbase that rivalled any European monarch. One theory is the reputation the knights had as relic hunters. Relics were regarded as status symbols in the medieval era, they were more collectable than cash or jewels. The relics of most interest to collectors came from the Holy Land. The Templars were famous custodians of relicas, particularly from Jesus' era. The Templar stamp itself was enough to prove the authenticity of a relic. Part of the mystique that led to the canonisation of Louis IX was the purchase of two major relics- a fragment of the true cross and the crown of thorns-bought when the Templars were at their peak. The Templars were situated in Jerusalem on the Temple Mount on the southern part where the Al-Aqsa Mosque is, the Mosque was their headquarters. The Temple of Jerusalem and surrounding areas were said to house many relics. Were the Templars digging for relicas under their own base- the Temple Mount? It is known for a fact the Templars did some building work and there are subterranean tunnels under the Temple Mount. Including the entrance to the ancient Temple of Solomon- this would have been a goldmine to the Templars. The one relic that is known to have passed through Templar hands is the burial cloth of Jesus- the Shroud of Turin. It appeared in the middle of the thirteenth century with St Louis. The Templars were ideally placed to have brought him the Shroud, they had boats travelling to and from the Holy Land at this time. The most sought after relic associated with the Templars, was the Holy Grail. The Grail provided a handy smokescreen, while people concerned themselves with grail myths the Templars could continue with what they were doing. They were never obliged to say what they were upto and it was known they were fighting in the East. But they were also really good at making money. International Banking SystemThey became a vast, multinational corporation, building churches and castles all over Europe. They also invented international banking and the cheque. Travellers deposited money at one temple and received a note which could then be exchanged for cash at another temple. This was very popular with pilgrims and the fees for this helped make the Templars very wealthy. Places in the East were supported by businesses in the West, wineries, farms etc. It was the first capitalist system running interconnected businesses. Merchants and royals also donated to the Templars, buying their place in heaven. The Knights Templar were an incredibly powerful organisation. They had a vast amount of wealth to rival any European monarch. They were a religious order who owned some of the most significant relics of the Christian religion. Both spiritually and financially, the Knights Templar dominated the medieval world. Sources: templarhistory.com
The copyright of the article The Wealth of the Knights Templar in Medieval History is owned by Aimi Persand. Permission to republish The Wealth of the Knights Templar in print or online must be granted by the author in writing.
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